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Blood tests for parasites

The parasites that live in the human body cause malaise of unclear etiology.It can be rashes, flatulence, burning of stomach, nausea, weakness, anemia, joint pain.To clarify the diagnosis, special tests should be performed.

Parasites that can live in the human body

Emeoscania of the blood fell for parasites

Classification of parasites in their appearance:

  1. Lamblia,
  2. Opistorchi,
  3. Echinococci,
  4. toxocker,
  5. Trichinella,
  6. Askarids.

For representatives of some professions (for the staff of Catering Companies, Institutions for children), the analysis for eggs of worms is required in the design of health books.Children transmit the same analysis at the time of admission to kindergartens and a nursery school or in a sports section.

  • A classic study on worms living in the gastrointestinal tract is an analysis of the stool and a scraping of the mucosa from the rectum.
  • But there are several options for most effective blood tests for parasites, as expected and according to the method.

Classic research on worms

A classic study on worms that live in the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract), for example Pinworms, Ascarides, is an analysis of the stool and a scraping of the mucosa from the rectum.But an analysis at once of feces may not show positive results, so it is advisable to do three times.

  1. To analyze the feces and scraping, the histological cover method is used (displaying the cuts of the material under the microscope).Research efficiency is about 20%, since the probability is low that the eggs or parasitic larvae will fall into the analyzed material.
  2. Controversy studies for elminints, simple parasites and mushrooms in the body are electro -agepuncture methods.Their essence is to obtain results using measurements of the bioelectric reactions of active points with electrodes.For this purpose, special devices are used.Many doctors perceive skeptical research data.
  3. The most informative examination of parasites is a blood test.

Types of blood tests for parasites

There are several options for blood tests for parasites: as expected and according to the method.Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages.Depending on the methodology used, there are the following types of blood tests:

  1. Elisa or Immunofinticna of the blood;
  2. PCR chain reaction or polymerase;
  3. Emoscano;
  4. Serological blood examination.

Elisa, analysis for antibodies and immunoglobulin

This analysis is based on the immune response of the body, the level of its protective reaction to the invasion of parasites.When antibodies are formed in the form of the human body in response to the entry of a pathogen or simply a protein extraneous in its blood, they are called immunoglobulins.

  • Using Elisa's results, it is possible to determine the presence of elminints in the body and their type.The accuracy of the study is much higher than the analysis of the stool.
  • The method is based on the calculation of antibodies in the body to one or another type of parasites, on the determination of their connection with foreign antigens (immune response) and the enzymatic reaction of the body.
  • Antibodies - Antigens indicate the presence of infection.
  • An Elisa blood examination has precision, according to several experts, from 60% to 90% even at low level of invasion.
  • The advantage of the method, in addition to a high level of accuracy, is that an analysis of the immuno function can be monitored by the dynamics of the disease over time.

IFA blood tests for parasites

An analysis for antibodies looks like a set of characters that indicate these antibodies or are called immunoglobulins.

  • In total, 5 of them have been studied: Igg, Iga, Igm, IGD IGD.
  • In practical medicine, the first four immunoglobulins are important.

IGM is the main marker for the acute phase of the disease

IGM - Immunoglobulin, which appears in the acute phase of the disease, indicates the beginning of the infection.

  • Appears in the blood on the fifth day,
  • It is detected by the analysis after 6 weeks.
  • So he starts disappearing quickly.

IgE - Marker, parasitic infection indicator

IGE - Immunoglobulin indicates the presence of parasites or allergies in the human body.

  • is an indicator of processes associated with allergies,
  • It circulates little in the blood, it is based on mucous membranes, macrophages and basophili,
  • Take part in the immune responses to parasitic infection.

IgG - Marker of the disease and immunity

IGG - Immunoglobulin, it appears in the process of the disease.

  • The IgG also kept a cure, for some life infections, for example measles, rosolia and others.
  • The detection of immunoglobulins in the blood says that the body had already met this infection before, with this specific pathogen.

The result of the Elistrical Parss analysis

For different combinations of Pusi and Minuste in examination of the blood for parasites, it is possible to draw the following conclusions:

  1. Lack of infection: all antibodies with a less;
  2. Acute internship-igg (+/-), Iga (+\-), IGM (+);
  3. Chronic-IGG form (+/-), Iga (-), IGM (-);
  4. The presence of immunity-IGG (+), Iga (-), IGM (-);
  5. Exception of a chronic disease - IgG (+), Iga (+), IGM (+)
  6. If the disease is detected and treated, the values less than all antibodies will only be reached six months after the course of treatment, sometimes after 1-2 years.

The reliability of Elisa's analysis

The Elisa method provides the level of reliability of 90% for the diagnosis of infection with Ascaridi, Pinworms (Entertaini), Toxocar and others that cause the formation of Igg immunoglobulin in large quantities.

  1. Lambliosis can be determined for separate and general value (OPD) of the level of antibodies in the blood.
  2. OPD value is more than 1 suggests that there is an infection or era,
  3. With a value of less than 0.85 there is no Lamblia.
  4. If the value is in the interval, it is advisable to repeat the analysis after 2 weeks.

This method is characterized by a series of weak points.The analysis allows you to determine the level of antibodies developed in the body for the neutralization of the helminths and not the worms themselves.

  • Therefore, it is possible to obtain false positive and false negative results.
  • This also happens when patients taking drugs,
  • Metabolic disorders and the presence of parallels of current chronic diseases.

General blood examination, changes in parasites infection

You can indirectly suspect the presence of invasion by making an examination of the general blood.Since the presence of worms affects the internal organs, the products of their vital activity enter the bloodstream, changing its composition.Partial list of the results of the evasion effect on the blood parameters:

  • increase in hemoglobin;
  • Non -normal ESR indicators;
  • Excess eosinophils of 20%;
  • Zhelezia anemia.

If there are no other reasons for such deviations, it is advisable to include a special blood test for parasites, Elisa, PCR in the diagnostic program.

Polimerase chain reaction, PCR analysis

The PCR method, or polymer chain reaction, is considered fundamental in molecular diagnostics and is one of the most modern and accurate for the diagnosis for the presence of parasites in the body.

  • It consists in detecting traces of DNA and RNA, belonging to parasitic life forms.
  • The essence of the polymerase reaction is the treatment of blood in such a way as to copy and propagate the DNA, the RNA of foreign organisms to a concentration that allows them to determine.

Serological blood test

At the same time, the analysis is used as a source of information on the blood serum.

  • Immunogen antibodies of parasites are studied.
  • The analysis allows you to identify a large number of parasitic forms, but does not allow you to determine the invasion stage.
  • Like the IFA method, the serological analysis is indirect for diagnosis.
  • If the OPD values are high, it is advisable to pass the faecal analysis.

Diagnosis with the blood scan method

During the emoscanation on parasites, a drop of "lively" blood of a patient is studied by optical devices in which, in addition to the worms, it is possible to determine their larvae and mushrooms.

How to do a blood test for parasites

Blood fence from the vein of the elbow

The blood donation for parasites is carried out in a specialized laboratory.The blood for the analysis is taken from the vein of the elbow for the amount of 3-5 ml and is placed in a dry sterile tube.Before passing the analysis, it is recommended:

  1. Do not eat for 8 hours;
  2. In the evening meal, they abandon fatty dishes and milk;
  3. Do not take alcohol and carbonated drinks;
  4. Avoid excessive physical effort, physiotherapy, radiation rays;
  5. Refuses to take drugs.
  6. The abundant drink is welcome.
  7. The conditions for the blood donation to the PCR are less rigorous, because the degree of satiety does not affect the presence of DNA of parasites.

Analysis dates

  • The results of IFA and serological tests are issued within a week.
  • For the PCR blood tests and emoscano, a couple of hours are sufficient.
  • With the result of the analysis, you should absolutely consult a doctor.